Glaucoma is an eye disorder during which the optic nerve suffers damage, permanently impacting imaginative and prescient in the affected eye(s) and progressing to complete blindness if untreated. It's usually, but now not at all times, associated with elevated pressure of the fluid in the eye (aqueous humour).
The nerve injury entails loss of retinal ganglion cells in a attribute pattern. There are numerous totally different sub-types of glaucoma however they will all be considered a sort of optic neuropathy. Raised intraocular stress is a big risk factor for growing glaucoma (above 21 mmHg or 2.eight kPa). One individual might improve nerve harm at a comparatively low stress, whereas one other person may have high eye stress for years and yet by no means advance damage. Untreated glaucoma leads to everlasting harm of the optic nerve and resultant visible subject loss, which can progress to blindness.

Glaucoma will be divided more or less into two primary categories, "open perspective" and "closed perspective" glaucoma. Closed angle glaucoma can appear all of the sudden and is often painful; visible loss can development shortly but the soreness usually leads sufferers to seek medical consideration before everlasting harm occurs. Open attitude, chronic glaucoma has a tendency to progress at a slower price and the patient could no longer notice that they've misplaced imaginative and prescient until the illness has progressed significantly.

Glaucoma has been nicknamed the "silent thief of sight" as a outcome of the lack of imaginative and prescient usually happens steadily over a protracted period of time and is commonly only acknowledged when the disease is type of advanced. As quickly as lost, this broken visible field can't be recovered. Around the globe, it is the 2d main cause of blindness. It is also the leading cause of blindness among African Americans.[3] Glaucoma impacts 1 in 200 people elderly fifty and youthful, and 1 in 10 over the age of eighty. If the situation is detected early enough it is possible to arrest the event or slow the progression with scientific and surgical way.

 

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